John F. KennedyBerlin 11 de junio de 1963
Barack Hussein Obama
Berlin julio 24 del 2008
Foto: El Nuevo Herald
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Obama, en Berlín: 'El único camino es derribar muros y tender puentes'
'Ninguna nación puede vencer por sí sola los peligros del siglo XXI', declaró
Unas 200.000 personas se congregaron en el parque Tiergarten para escuchar a Obama
Su discurso ha estado cuidadosamente planificado para dar imagen de cambio y unidad
JUAN PECES
'Ninguna nación puede vencer por sí sola los peligros del siglo XXI', declaró
Unas 200.000 personas se congregaron en el parque Tiergarten para escuchar a Obama
Su discurso ha estado cuidadosamente planificado para dar imagen de cambio y unidad
JUAN PECES
MADRID.- El 26 de junio de 1963, un carismático presidente de EEUU pronunció en Berlín la frase "Ich bin ein Berliner" ("Soy un berlinés"), con el fin de pedir el fin del bloqueo soviético impuesto a la capital alemana, en plena Guerra Fría.
Han transcurrido 45 años, y otro carismático político demócrata, en este caso aspirante a la presidencia de EEUU, ha vuelto a Berlín para pedirle ¿a Europa? una participación activa en la comunidad internacional e, indirectamente, una mayor colaboración con la política exterior y de defensa de EEUU.
Hace medio siglo, John F. Kennedy intentó ganarse el corazón de la Europa de la posguerra y ablandar el de una Unión Soviética dispuesta a mantener con puño de hierro su ámbito de poder en Europa.
El candidato demócrata a la presidencia de EEUU, Barack Obama, se dirigió, "como ciudadano orgulloso de EEUU y ciudadano del mundo", a las decenas de miles de personas (200.000, según la policía de Berlín) congregadas en el parque Tiergarten de Berlín para decirle a Europa (y a sus potenciales votantes): "No podemos permitirnos estar divididos".
Con más de un cuarto de hora de retraso, con una única leve concesión al humor ("sé que no me parezco a los otros estadounidenses que han hablado aquí antes que yo") y ante una audiencia entusiasta, Obama tuvo el valor de reconocer que EEUU ha cometido errores, aunque pidió a los berlineses (en realidad, hablaba a los ciudadanos del mundo) que siguieran confiando en EEUU.
Los 'nuevos peligros'
Frente a los "nuevos peligros" que afronta el mundo del siglo XXI, entre los que citó el terrorismo, el calentamiento global, la facilidad de acceso al armamento nuclear, el tráfico de droga, la pobreza y violencia en Somalia, el genocidio en Darfur —"que avergüenza nuestras conciencias", dijo—, Obama lanzó un mensaje contundente: "Ninguna nación puede vencer esos retos por sí sola". Son unos desafíos muy diferentes a los de la Guerra Fría, pero no menos exigentes, según el candidato demócrata, y ante los cuales no cabe la división.
"El único camino es derribar muros y tender puentes", sostuvo Barack Obama, que pidió, en diferentes puntos de su discurso y con abundantes metáforas, el destierro de una actitud aislacionista.
La audiencia más crítica de su discurso podría recordarle a Obama que el país que aspira a comandar ha firmado multitud de acuerdos bilaterales para garantizar la inmunidad de sus tropas, funcionarios y mercenarios destacados por todo el planeta, y niega sistemáticamente la autoridad de los tribunales internacionales de justicia y la supremacía del Derecho Internacional. Un panorama que ninguno de los candidatos en liza (el republicano John McCain y Barack Obama) ha dado muestras relevantes de querer cambiar.
Un discurso para los estadounidenses
En un discurso que, por momentos, parecería más destinado a convencer a los estadounidenses que a los europeos, Barack Obama dio un portazo a la política unilateral, basada en alianzas estratégicas de interés, del presidente cesante George W. Bush y proclamó: "América no tiene mejor socio que Europa".
No hizo distinción, en este caso y al contrario que Bush, entre la Vieja Europa (encabezada por los países reticentes a la invasión de Irak) y la Nueva Europa, que estaría representada, según esa doctrina del presidente actual, por los países dispuestos a albergar el escudo antimisiles de EEUU o a colaborar con la CIA en su "guerra global contra el terror".
Obama, siguiendo con lo expresado durante su paso reciente por Oriente Próximo, pidió a Europa que se involucre en las campañas militares en las que participa EEUU —"Afganistán necesita nuestras tropas y sus tropas"— y que secunde la presión diplomática, encabezada por EEUU, contra el desarrollo de la capacidad nuclear de Irán. Eso sí, desde una óptica pacifista: "Debemos recuperar el objetivo de un mundo sin armas nucleares".
Desde que comenzó su gira internacional, Obama se había limitado a convocar ruedas de prensa y hacer declaraciones informales. El de Berlín ha sido un discurso meticulosamente planificado, que buscaba reforzar el mensaje de cambio y de unidad del candidato con la fuerza simbólica que tiene hablar en la capital de un país destruido por la Segunda Guerra Mundial, dividido en dos grandes bloques (occidental y soviético) tras la invasión de la URSS y renacido —el llamado 'milagro alemán'— gracias, en parte, a la generosa ayuda de EEUU.
Desde la tribuna situada en la emblemática plaza berlinesa, un Obama sobrio en las formas (con la salvedad de sus momentos de agradecimiento al inicio del discurso) proclamó: "Gentes del mundo, mirad a Berlín", cuyos ciudadanos "se negaron a rendirse" ante el bloqueo soviético, aliviado por el puente aéreo de las potencias aliadas. Una ciudad, recalcó el político presidenciable, "en la que los alemanes y americanos trabajaron juntos y aprendieron a confiar entre sí".
¿Vacuidad o conciliación?
En síntesis, la intervención del senador Obama es susceptible de ser interpretada de diferentes formas, dependiendo del punto de vista: en clave doméstica, europea o internacional. Puede ser caracterizado de atlantista, si se fija la mirada en sus referencias a la OTAN, a la intervención en Afganistán y a la contención del comunismo... del siglo XX. De internacionalista, si se traduce su llamada a la unidad como el deseo de una mayor participación en los foros internacionales y en las operaciones de paz. De Marshallista, si se aprecia el énfasis en la asistencia que hizo posible la supervivencia y despegue de la Alemania vencida.
E, incluso, de amable, si se compara sus palabras con el lenguaje militarista empleado por Bush o por el propio Obama en Israel.
Si su discurso fue realmente el portador de un cambio significativo en las relaciones internacionales o debería ser catalogado de extremadamente metafórico, demasiado conservador en sentido literal y figurado, inusitadamente centrista, vacuo o conciliador ('bipartisan', que dirían los estadounidenses), es algo que corresponderá analizar a sus verdaderos receptores: los ciudadanos que deberán elegirlo o rechazarlo como cuadragésimo cuarto presidente de EEUU.
4 comentarios:
Discursos Vacuos:
Síndrome de marionetismo capitalista. "Another Puppet in the theatre". Por favor, acabemos con las mentiras pseudo conformantes de los cadaveres bipartidistas.
Isn't this interesting ...
Subject: Where did Obama's money come from?
Maureen Dowd, winner of the 1999 Pulitzer Prize for distinguished commentary, became a columnist on The New York Times Op-Ed page in 1995 after having served as a correspondent in the paper's Washington bureau since 1986. She has covered four presidential campaigns and served as White House correspondent. She also wrote a column, 'On Washington,' for The New York Times Magazine.
Ms. Dowd joined The New York Times as a metropolitan reporter in 1983. She began her career in 1974 as an editorial assistant for The Washington Star, where she later became a sports columnist, metropolitan reporter and feature writer. When the Star closed in 1981, she went to Time magazine.
Born in Washington D.C., Ms. Dowd received a B.A. degree in English literature from Catholic University (Washington, D.C.) in 1973.
WHERE DID OBAMA’S MONEY COME FROM???????
Subject: New York Times Editorial
By MAUREEN DOWD
Published: June 29, 2008
Go to Columnist Page »
Certainly the most interesting and potentially devastating
OBAMA’S TROUBLING INTERNET FUND RAISING
Certainly the most interesting and potentially devastating phone call I have received during this election cycle came this week from one of the Obama’s campaign internet geeks. These are the staffers who devised Obama’s internet fund raising campaign which raised in the neighborhood of $200 million so far. That is more then twice the total funds raised by any candidate in history – and this was all from the internet campaign.
What I learned from this insider was shocking but I guess we shouldn’t be surprised that when it comes to fund raising there simply are no rules that can’t be broken and no ethics that prevail.
Obama’s internet campaign started out innocently enough with basic e-mail networking , lists saved from previous party campaigns and from supporters who visited any of the Obama campaign web sites.
Small contributions came in from these sources and the internet campaign staff were more than pleased by the results.
Then, about two months into the campaign the daily contribution intake multiplied. Where was it coming from? One of the web site security monitors began to notice the bulk of the contributions were clearly coming in from overseas internet service providers and at the rate and frequency of transmission it was clear these donations were “programmed” by a very sophisticated user.
While the security people were not able to track most of the sources due to firewalls and other blocking devices put on these contributions they were able to collate the number of contributions that were coming in seemingly from individuals but the funds were from only a few credit card accounts and bank electronic funds transfers. The internet service providers (ISP) they were able to trace were from Saudi Arabia , Iran , and other Middle Eastern countries. One of the banks used for fund transfers was also located in Saudi Arabia .
Another concentrated group of donations was traced to a Chinese ISP with a similar pattern of limited credit card charges.
It became clear that these donations were very likely coming from sources other than American voters. This was discussed at length within the campaign and the decision was made that none of these donations violated campaign financing laws.
It was also decided that it was not the responsibility of the campaign to audit these millions of contributions as to the actual source (specific credit card number or bank transfer account numbers) to insure that none of these internet contributors exceeded the legal maximum donation on a cumulative basis of many small donations. They also found the record keeping was not complete enough to do it anyway.
This is a shocking revelation.
We have been concerned about the legality of “bundling” contributions after the recent exposure of illegal bundlers but now it appears we may have an even greater problem.
I guess we should have been somewhat suspicious when the numbers started to come out. We were told (no proof offered) that the Obama internet contributions were from $10.00 to $25.00 or so.
If the $200,000,000 is right, and the average contribution was $15.00, that would mean over 13 million individuals made contributions? That would also be 13 million contributions would need to be processed. How did all that happen?
I believe the Obama campaign’s internet fund raising needs a serious, in depth investigation and audit. It also appears the whole question of internet fund raising needs investigation by the legislature and perhaps new laws to insure it complies not only with the letter of these laws but the spirit as well.
IS IT RIGHT FOR FOREIGN COUNTRIES TO HAVE AN INVESTMENT IN WHO BECOMES OUR NEXT PRESIDENT??? IF YOU ARE IN AGREEMENT WITH THIS, PLEASE PASS IT ON.
The fact that the NY Times allowed this to be printed is amazing in itself.
Obama's brother is in BracknellBy OLIVER HARVEY
Chief Feature Writer
Published: 26 Jul 2008
HE may be living in a Bracknell council house, but soon he could be dining with his brother at the White House.
The Sun was the first newspaper to track down and speak to Bernard Obama, 37.
And he said of Democrat candidate Barack: “I’m very proud of my big brother.
Happy families ... back row from left: Unknown, Barack Obama, half-brother Malik, unknown, half-brother Abo, Bernard. Front: Half-sister Auma, stepmum Kezia, stepgran Sarah, unknown
“It’s quite a funny feeling that he might be the next President of the USA.”
Muslim Bernard — an avid Manchester United fan and Sun reader — is staying with his bingo-loving mum Kezia, 67, who has lived in the Berkshire new town for six years.
He was glued to the TV news in the modest suburban bungalow last night as Barack, 46, was due to arrive in Britain.
Bernard leads a quiet life, running a car parts firm in Nairobi, Kenya.
But he is a regular visitor to the UK to visit Elvis fan Kezia.
Big brother ... Barack Obama
She married Barack Obama Snr in Kenya in 1957 when she was a teenager.
He later left for the US and went on to meet Ann Dunham, who gave birth to his now widely acclaimed son.
Obama Snr, a Kenyan goatherd who became a leading economist in his east African homeland’s government, was killed in a car crash in 1982.
Barack Jnr was 21 and Bernard 12. He said: “Our father passed away when I was young and I didn’t get the chance to get to know him very well.
“When you lose your dad at such a young age, that’s when you really miss him.”
Bernard smiled when he spoke of his famous half-brother. He said:
I was around 17 when I first met Barack.
He was visiting Kenya and it was obvious from the way he spoke and his charisma that he was going to be a success.
He is charming, very good company and very charismatic.
I’ve met him since with his wife Michelle in Kenya. She’s very nice, a very strong and intelligent person. I don’t think we will see him on this visit to Britain. It’s official business and he’ll be very busy.
Bernard is remaining with Kezia for the next month as she recuperates from illness.
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Barefoot and dressed in cream shorts and red T-shirt, he said: “I love coming to Britain because I love football and I like reading about it in The Sun.
Converted
“I’m a big Manchester United fan but I think Barack’s more into basketball.”
Bernard converted to Islam 18 years ago. The dad of one said: “I’m a Muslim, I don’t deny it. My father was raised a Muslim.
“But it’s not an issue. I don’t know what all the hullabaloo is about.”
Barack is a staunch Christian. A recent cartoon in the New Yorker magazine caused a furore by portraying him as a turban-wearing Muslim and his wife as a terrorist.
In February, photos emerged of Barack in traditional Somali robes during a trip to Kenya in 2006.
But Bernard dismissed jibes about Barack’s religion and said there was no significance to the photos.
Kenya to Bracknell ... bingo-loving mum Kezia
He added: “If you go to Japan or Nigeria you put on the traditional dress. People are trying to look for ways to tarnish him.”
In his biography, Dreams From My Father, Barack told of meeting Bernard in Kenya.
He wrote: “That sweetness, the lack of guile, made him seem much younger than his 17 years.
“As we stepped into the street, Bernard draped his arm over my shoulder. ‘It’s good to have a big brother around,’ he said, before waving goodbye and vanishing into the crowd.”
The pair’s dad left Kenya in 1959 when he took up a US scholarship. Kezia, then three months’ pregnant with daughter Auma, already had a year-old son Malik to look after.
Barack Snr met Barack’s mum Ann in Hawaii, and she gave birth to the now presidential hopeful in August 1961.
The Democrat’s dad returned to Kenya in 1965 and Kezia subsequently gave birth to two sons, Abo in 1968 and Bernard in 1970.
Raunchy
Barack’s former brother-in-law Ian Manners, 55 — divorced from Bernard’s and Barack’s sister Auma — is writing a book about his in-laws.
Daughter Akinyi, 11, spent Christmas with Barack in the US. She said: “I asked him if I could meet Beyonce. He smiled and said he’d see what he could do.”
Bash ... Barack Obama and wife at Ian's wedding
Barack attended Ian’s 1996 wedding to Auma and famously ran out of a pub in Wokingham, Berks, during Ian’s stag bash when a raunchy dancer took to the stage.
Businessman Ian said: “We were having a few drinks, then a stripper dressed as a St Trinian’s schoolgirl appeared.
“She was no Miss World and it was the last thing I wanted. As soon as Barack saw what was about to happen he made a hasty retreat.
“He was in politics already and left the pub immediately.”
Ian added: “I played a couple of rounds of golf with him in 1997.
“We had to go to a municipal course because golf clubs wouldn’ t have been keen on a black man playing on their course back then.
“He is very competitive and beat me both times. It was obvious Barack was going to get to the top.”
Bernard agreed, saying: “Barack is going to win the election, definitely, and I want to be in the US for his inauguration.
“He will be a breath of fresh air for the world.”
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